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Tips on eco-tourism: from Singapore to Sikkim | |||||
TT, Avijit Sinha Siliguri, Sept. 29: In a first-of-its-kind initiative by tour agencies of the region, a training of unemployed youths in eco-tourism ventures will begin high in the mountains of Sikkim in December. Help Tourism, a Siliguri-based tour operator, and Hee Bermiok Tourism Development and Heritage Conservation Society have tied up with Jet Airways and the Singapore Scout Association to open the centre at Hee Bermiok in West Sikkim. “The aim is to train the youths of Mangalbari, Kaluk, Rinchenpong, Hee Bermiok, Dentam and Uttaray, all in West Sikkim, on eco-adventure tourism in the region,” said Raj Basu, associated with Help Tourism and the conservation society. “The centre will be run by the Singapore-based organisation which will train the local youths on a long-term basis so that they can be part of a participatory model of the venture. The youths can also work for sustainable development in the area keeping in mind the conservation of nature.” Gopal Lama, the deputy director of the state tourism department, north Bengal, appreciated the initiative to train unemployed youths. “It is a first-of-its kind effort,” he said. Hee Bermiok, on the fringes of Barshey Rhododendron Sanctuary in West Sikkim, is over 150km away from Siliguri. The hamlet located in the idyllic surroundings and has potential to be developed as a centre for adventure sports like mountain biking and cycling, trekking and camping. “We want the pristine natural surroundings of the area to be protected for which it is important for the local people to know the pros and cons of eco-tourism and eco-friendly development,” Basu said. The conservation society will provide land for the centre while the scout association will raise funds for it. “The Singapore body will also send volunteers to execute the project. A delegation from Singapore has visited the area early this month and another team of 12 volunteers from Singapore will reach Hee Bermiok on December 1 and stay there for a fortnight ,” Basu said. The Singapore team that visited the site this month included Gerry Oh, the regional vice-president of Jet Airways (southeast Asia), Tan Si Jie, an expert on environmental conservation, Patrick Tan, a photographer, and Christopher Khoo, a tourism consultant. “They interacted with the local people on training, skill development, followed by promotion of tourism and conservation of nature,” Basu said. “The response was good and they have agreed to go ahead with the project, supported by the Changi Airport Group and India Tourism office of Singapore.” During the visit, the team members also went to Kolakham village located on the fringes of Neora Valley National Park in Kalimpong subdivision. “We want two model centres to be developed in Darjeeling and Sikkim. Kolakham is also ideal for a centre for eco and adventure tourism. These will complement the initiatives of the state and central governments to promote tourism in the region and can also contribute in employment generation,” Basu said. “Neora Valley is equally attractive like Barshey and houses the red panda and tiger.” What’s pulling down on Hill tourism? SNS, SILIGURI, 29 SEPT: The sombre shadows of political uncertainty keep hanging over the Darjeeling Hills as is evident from the much less tourist inflow this Puja than expected in what is universally acknowledged as “the queen of Hill stations”. Despite the apprehension, the common people, whose livelihood bank heavily on tourism, kept hoping against hope that the tourists would not disappoint them this festive season. Yet, as things have turned out, the tourism season is about to be wasted this time too from the point of view of the commoners. There is a silver lining though, as the inflow has picked up slightly since yesterday, the day marking the end of the four- day Durga Puja festivities. It is still being hoped that tourists would arrive as the season lingers beyond Deewali. And, as per experiences, the volume of the tourist inflow approaches its zenith as the ‘Festival of Illumination’ draws near. According to Mrs Bandana Prova Saha, a tourist from Salt Lake, Kolkata, finding accommodation is easy and smooth. “The Mall, the promenade of the Darjeeling town, seems crammed with tourists, but the locals sound dispirited. They say, the festive grandeur which assumed almost mythical proportions over the years, is conspicuously absent this time,” Mrs Saha said. The deputy director, West Bengal Tourism, Mr Gopal Lama sounds a depressed man. “We would calculate the tourist turnout at the fag end of this year. But, it seems that the political volatility has taken its toll this time too. We hope, the momentum would pick up as the season advances,” he said. Commenting on the matter, a senior functionary of Eastern Himalaya Travel and Tour Operators’ Association, Mr Raj Basu said that the tourist inflow in the hills was far from satisfactory. “Usually around this time we are beset with countless enquiries as the bookings get exhausted. But this time around the booking chapter is still dragging on. This is unusual. Whether the momentum would pick up or not is anybody's guess,” Mr Basu said. However, putting up a brave front, a senior functionary of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hotel Owners’ Association, Mr Panden Lama said that the tourist inflow was gaining apace since yesterday. “Most of the hotels are almost full with the tourists. Things would look up further with the Deewali approaching. Darjeeling seems emerging out of the penumbra of uncertainty,” Mr Lama asserted. Bus owners threaten strike in Dooars SNS, JALPAIGURI, 29 SEPT: The Dooars Mini Bus Owners Association (DMBOA) leadership of Jalpaiguri today threatened to launch a bus strike soon concerning the dismal condition of roads in the Dooars area. According to the secretary of DMBOA Mr Chandi Sarkar, even after the district magistrate of Jalpaiguri assured them to look into the issue, there has been no development of the roads’ condition on this route: “Most of the roads on the Dooars route have been damaged badly following the last rainy season, especially the roads at Mainaguri, Dhupguri and Falakata areas as there are several huge potholes on these roads. “Road accidents are happening frequently and we have been bearing huge costs in the past few months repairing our buses,” said Mr Sarkar. The leader also added that they even stopped paying the Teesta Bridge toll collection to agitate against this issue:“Recently the national highway authority took over some portions of these roads from the state highway authority but we are not sure which portions the NH authority has taken. It's a complicated situation and neither the SH, PWD nor the NH authorities seem to care about repairing these roads. After we stopped paying toll we sat for a meet with the DM Jalpaiguri and she assured to initiate some steps before the Durga Puja festival but nothing has happened so far,” he added. The bus owners have threatened to boycott the bus service soon if there is no immediate development of the road conditions: “We would again sit for a meet with the DM Jalpaiguri soon and if the meet doesn't produce any satisfactory result we would go for a bus strike,” the leader stated. Mr Jayanta Sengupta, a daily passenger of the Jalpaiguri- Dhupguri route, said that they are also quite concerned over the bad condition of roads on this route: "We are travelling every day, risking our lives, and the district administration should immediately interfere into the matter for the public interest,” said Mr Sengupta. The DM Jalpaiguri Mrs Vandana Yadav also admitted there was a problem and said that the district administration would soon sit for a meet with the NH authority to find a positive solution. Are Indians racist? ~A plural, multi-racial and multi-ethnic society often experiences such We, as a nation, have been very sensitive to the issue of “racism” for a long time and continue to be so. The recent times have seen a lot many issues relating to race and racism hogging media attention. The recent attacks against Indians in Australia have also kept the racism debate alive in this country. It was our own Mahatma Gandhi who had taken up cudgels against apartheid, the dreaded racist policies in South Africa of yore. His first encounter with racial discrimination at the Pieter Maritzburg railway station in South Africa towards the end of the 19th century became the symbol of a fight against the colonial powers all over the world. When India became independent, non-discrimination on the basis of race was included in Article 15 of the Indian Constitution. Later, India also joined and signed various global instruments, including the International Convention against Racial Discrimination. But one finds it really surprising when Indians are accused of racism and racist behaviour. Be it the ESPN advertisement during the Cricket World Cup, the preference for fair complexioned cheer leaders over dark ones during the Indian Premier League cricket matches, the alleged comment made by a radio jockey against Prashant Tamang, the Sony Indian Idol, or the Andrew Symonds controversy surrounding Harbhajan Singh’s alleged “monkey” remark against the former, the issue of racism seems to have become a regular part of our intellectual consciousness. Very recently, one very senior and respected politician from the Northeast alleged that he had been the butt of racist remarks in this country. Are we, as a nation, really racist? Is the hoary caste system or the related obnoxious practice of untouchability (now banned vide Article 17 of the Constitution) responsible for this? Even though caste system and untouchability are still living realities (though with subdued rigour and vigour) in this country, is it that they have also fashioned our likes or dislikes for a particular community, caste, race, religion or is it just our misplaced fascination with the fair complexion? After all, fair complexion has been associated with the high caste Aryans in this country even though that barrier has long been broken. We have dark complexioned members in any and every caste or community as a result of inter-caste and inter-racial matrimonies. Not only this, we also have differently complexioned members as part of the same family. Still, the affection for fair complexion subsists and survives in our sub-consciousness and often comes forward to modulate our behaviour towards differently complexioned differently. The Indian perception of beauty is often defined in terms of fair complexion. Since then, dark complexion is believed to be associated with sins and vices while fair complexion has been associated with piousness, chastity, virtue and beauty. Indians’ craze for the white/fair complexion is borne out by the huge market for the fairness cream and other such cosmetic products in this country. You can sell any “damn” product here as long as you can promise that it will enhance fairness of the skin. Our matrimonial advertisements also bear out the preference for a fair complexioned spouse. Many males in this country want a fair complexioned wife, at least to have fair complexioned children. If your kids are fair complexioned, you could be assured of finding a suitable match for them quite easily. This applies more to the daughters than to the sons. Many African nationals have often alleged discriminatory/racist behaviour by Indians. Being relatively fairer than the Africans, many Indians deem themselves racially superior. There was a time when there was an innate bias in favour of fair complexioned people while selecting air hostesses, TV news-readers, actors and actresses, or at least so it was alleged. Still most of our successful actors and actresses are not shot with their true complexion. Most of them, even though not-so-fair-complexioned, are all portrayed as fair complexioned persons. At least, that’s how most of us know them. Various colloquial appellations with racial overtones are also part of our day-to-day cant. Words such as Mallu, Chinky, Sardarji, Gujju, Punju, Bihari and so on have become an inalienable part of our day-to-day vocabulary. And so have become jokes based on stereotypical behaviour relating to them. And we all love sharing or cracking jokes based on a Mallu, a Sardarji, a Bihari or a Gujju. But does that prove that we are racist? One feels that such prejudices are not natural to India or Indians alone, but it is a global phenomenon. Racial, gender or regional typecasting or such prejudices are formed on the basis of our day-to-day interactions. Such typecasting also stems from some hoary folklore or history. All this slowly becomes ingrained in our subconsciousness and forces us to form a particular opinion about a particular caste or community. We gradually start accepting the same as natural. At least, the hoi polloi does the same. And that is why a Gujju or a Marwari is associated with his love for money or a Mallu or a Bihari is known for his penchant to go anywhere in search of work or a business. A Mallu is also ridiculed for his accent and so is a Bihari or a Jat. A Sardarji is the perpetual butt of many of our jokes, as is a blonde, or an Indian (read Red Indian) or a Pathan elsewhere. One feels that this is all very healthy as long as it is done and accepted with a sense of humour without making much of it and as long as it helps us in enjoying a hearty laughter at the expense of each other. This is how societal camaraderie grows and a civilisation evolves. Actually, it is our unwarranted and over-the-top reaction which is responsible for creation of a needless controversy. It is definitely not in the same genre as “apartheid” or the abhorrent “slavery” of the recent past. It is definitely not racism unless and until it is not said or done with an intent to insult or humiliate someone. When someone cracks a Sardarji or a Mallu joke, the idea is definitely not to inflict insult or humiliation on someone as both are supposed to be very successful members of the Indian society. But it becomes a problem once we take the same too seriously and start depriving each other of the deserved opportunities or social goodies or in allocation/distribution of societal values (a la David Easton) on the basis of such prejudiced opinions. The violence stemming from such opinionated prejudices can actually turn out to be serious enough as to break a nation as happened to Pakistan during the 1970s. Thankfully, this is not true in the case of Indian society. If separatism in Punjab could not succeed, one reason for the same is said to be the Roti-Beti Ka Rishta (relationship of livelihood and matrimony) between the two dominant communities there. Similarly, as we go along and the society experiences more inter-caste, inter-religious, inter-community and inter-regional marriages, such notions and prejudices will slowly lose their sting. And then even if cracked or commented, such jokes or remarks will probably not evoke the same reactions as they do now. India traditionally has been a very open society, welcoming and accepting anyone reaching its shores. And that is why it has become what it is today, a “salad bowl”. A plural, multi-racial and multi-ethnic society often experiences such behaviour by members of the society and it is not abnormal as long as it is done in a good spirit without malice to anyone. One also feels that such conduct or such reactions will get tempered with time as we go along and become more mature as a society, when our nation building process is complete in all respects, when our society becomes more egalitarian and when almost all members of our society become relatively more educated and enlightened. (The writer, an IAS officer, is Additional District Magistrate, Burdwan, in West Bengal. The views are his own and not those of the government- SNS- 30 Sept 09)
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рдЖрдпोрдЬिрдд рд╕ो рдЕрднिрдирди्рджрди рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдордоा рдХ्рд▓рдмрдХा рдЕрдз्рдпрдХ्рд╖ рдкाрд░рд╕рдордгि рджंрдЧाрд▓ рд░ рд╕рд▓्рд▓ाрд╣рдХाрд░ рд╡िрдЬрдп рдмाрди्рддрд╡ाрд▓े рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдеाрдкाрд▓ाрдИ рдЧोрд░्рдЦाрд▓ी рд╡ा рдиेрдкाрд▓ी рдЦाрддा рдкрд╣िрд░ाрдП рддрдеा рдХ्рд▓рдмрдХो рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдорд▓ाрдИ рд╕рдо्рдмोрдзрди рдЧрд░्рджै рдЙрдирдХा рдиिрдЬी рд╕рдЪिрд╡ рджेрд╡ाрдирд▓े рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдЦेрд▓ाрдб़ी рдеाрдкाрд▓ाрдИ рд░ाрдЬ्рдпрдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдпрдорди्рдд्рд░ी рдбा. рдкрд╡рди рдЪाрдорд▓िрдЩрдХो рддрд░्рдлрдмाрдЯ рдиिрдорди्рдд्рд░рдгा рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рднрдПрдкрдЫि рдЧाрди्рддोрдХ рдЖрдПрдХो рдмрддाрдП। рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдеाрдкाрд▓ाрдИ рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЧोрд░्рдЦाрд╣рд░ूрдХो рд╕рдордХ्рд╖ рддрдеा рджेрд╢рдоा рдиै рдЕрд╕рд▓ рдк्рд░рдХाрд░рд▓े рдкрд╣िрдЪाрди рдирднрдЗрд░рд╣ेрдХो рд╕्рдеिрддिрдоा рд╕рдмैрд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдирдХो рдк्рд░рддिрднाрдмाрд░े рдЬाрдирдХाрд░ी рдЧрд░ाрдЙрдиु рддрдеा рдЙрдирдХो рдЕрджрдо्рдп рдк्рд░рддिрднाрд▓ाрдИ рдЕрдЭ рдкрдиि рддिрдЦाрд░ेрд░ рд▓ैрдЬाрдиुрдХो рд▓ाрдЧि рдЙрдирд▓ाрдИ рднाрд░рддрдоा рдоाрдд्рд░ рд╣ोрдЗрди рд╡िрджेрд╢ी рдоुрд▓ुрдХ рд▓рдг्рдбрдирдХो рдПрдХ рдк्рд░рддिрд╖्рдаिрдд рддाрд▓िрдо рдХेрди्рдж्рд░рдоा рд▓ैрдЬाрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рдЦॉंрдЪो рд░рд╣ेрдХोрд▓े рддрдеा рднрд╡िрд╖्рдпрдоा рд╕рди्2012 рдоा рд▓рдг्рдбрдирдоा рд╣ुрдиु рдЧрдЗрд░рд╣ेрдХो рдУрд▓рдо्рдкिрдХ рдЦेрд▓рдХो рд▓ाрдЧि рддैрдпाрд░ рдЧрд░्рдирдХो рдиिрдо्рддि рдд्рдпрд╣ॉंрдХो рд╡ाрддाрд╡рд░рдгрдоा рддाрд▓िрдо рджिрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рдЕрдиिрд╡ाрд░्рдпрддा рд░рд╣ेрдХो рдХुрд░ोрд▓ाрдИ рдкрдд्рд░рдХाрд░ рдПрд╡ं рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдеाрдкाрдХा рдиिрдЬी рд╕рдЪिрд╡рд▓े рдкрдд्рд░рдХाрд░рд╣рд░ूрд▓ाрдИ рдЬाрдирдХाрд░ी рдЧрд░ाрдП। рдЙрдирд▓े рдЕрдЭ рдЬрдиाрдП, рдЙрдирдХो рдкрд░िрд╡ाрд░ рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдп рдкрд░िрд╡ाрд░рдХो рдкृрд╖्рдарднूрдоी рднрдПрдХा рд╣ुрдиाрд▓े рддрдеा рдпрд╕्рддा рдпुрд╡ा рдк्рд░рддिрднाрд▓ाрдИ рд╣ाрдо्рд░ै рд╕рдоाрдЬрд▓े рдкрд╣िрд▓ा рдЪिрдиेрд░ рдЕрдЧाрдб़ि рдмрдв़्рдиे рдЕрднिрдпाрди рдЪाрд▓िрдиु рдкрд░्рджрдЫ рднрдиेрд░ рдиै рд╢िрд╡ рдеाрдкाрд▓ाрдИ рдЧोрд░्рдЦा рд╕рдоाрдЬрдХो рдЕрдШि рдкрд╣िрд▓े рдкрд░िрдЪрдп рдЧрд░ेрд░ рдЙрдирдХो рдк्рд░рддिрднा рдлрд╕्рдЯाрдЙрдиे рдХाрд░्рдпрдоा рдк्рд░ोрдд्рд╕ाрд╣рди рдоिрд▓ोрд╕् рднрдиेрд░ рдЖрд░्рдеिрдХ рд╕рд╣рдпोрдЧिрддाрдХो рдЖрдЧ्рд░рд╣ рд╕рдмै рд╕рдордХ्рд╖ рд░ाрдЦिрдПрдХो рдЫ рднрдиी рджेрд╡ाрдирд▓े рдЕрдЭ рднрдиे। рднрд╡िрд╖्рдпрдоा рд╢िрд╡ рдеाрдкाрд▓े рдУрд▓рдо्рдкिрдХ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рднाрдЧ рд▓िрдПрд░ рдЧोрд░्рдЦा рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд╕ाрдеै рднाрд░рдд рджेрд╢рдХै рд╢ाрди рдмрдв़ाрдЙрдиे рдХुрд░ोрдоा рдЖрдлू рджृрдв़ рд╡िрд╢्рд╡рд╕्рдд рд░рд╣ेрдХो рдЬрдиाрдЙँрджै рд╕рдмै рд╕िрдХ्рдХिрдордХा рд╕рдоुрджाрдп рддрдеा рд╡िрд╢ेрд╖ рдЧैрд░ рд╕рд░рдХाрд░ी рдк्рд░рддिрд╖्рдаाрдирд╣рд░ूрд▓े рдЙрдирдХो рддाрд▓िрдордХो рд▓ाрдЧि рд▓ाрдЧ्рдиे рдЦрд░्рдЪ15 рд▓ाрдЦ рд░ुрдкिрдпॉंрдХो рдиिрдо्рддि рд╕рд╣ृрджрдп рддрдеा рдЙрджाрд░рднाрд╡рд▓े рд╕рд╣рдпोрдЧ рдкुрд░ाрдЙрдиे рдЖрдЧ्рд░рд╣ рдкрдиि рджेрд╡ाрдирд▓े рдЧрд░ेрдХा рдЫрди्। рдХुрдиै рдорд╣ाрдиुрднाрд╡рд▓े рд╕рд╣рдпोрдЧ рдЧрд░्рди рдЪाрд╣ेрдоा рдЙрдирд▓ाрдИ рдЙрдирдХो рдоोрдмाрдЗрд▓ рдирдо्рдмрд░ 09207012872, 09207055221 рдоा рд╕рдо्рдкрд░्рдХ рдЧрд░्рди рд╕рдХ्рдиेрдЫрди् рднрдиी рджेрд╡ाрдирд▓े рдЕрд░ू рдЬрдиाрдП। рдХाрд░्рдпрдХ्рд░рдорд▓ाрдИ рд╕рдо्рдмोрдзрди рдЧрд░्рджै рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдеाрдкाрд▓े рдЖрдлूрд▓ाрдИ рдУрд▓рдо्рдкिрдХ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рдкрджрдХ рдЬिрдд्рдирдХा рдиिрдоिрдд्рдд рд╕рдмैрдХो рдЖрд╢ीрд░्рд╡ाрдж рдЪाрд╣िрди्рдЫ рднрдиी рдмрддाрдП рддрдеा рдЖрдлू рдпрд╕рд░ी рд╡िрднिрди्рди рдЦेрд▓рд╣рд░ूрдоा рдЕрдШि рдмрдв़рджा рдкाрдПрдХो рд╕рдлрд▓рддाрд▓ाрдИ рд╕рдмैрдоा рд╕рдорд░्рдкрдг рдЧрд░्рдиे рдЬрдиाрдП рддрдеा рдЕрд╣िрд▓ेрд╕рдо्рдордХो рдпрд╕ рдХ्рд╖ेрдд्рд░рдХो рдЕрдиुрднрд╡ рдкрдиि рдмाँрдЯे। рд╕्рдорд░рдгीрдп рдЫ, рд╢िрд╡ рдеाрдкाрд▓े рдЕрд╕рдордоा рд╕рдо्рдкрди्рди рднрдПрдХो рд░ाрдЬ्рдпрд╕्рддрд░ीрдп рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддा 2004рджेрдЦि 2007 рд╕рдо्рдо рд╕рдм-рдЬुрдиिрдпрд░ рд░ рдЬुрдиिрдпрд░ рд╕्рддрд░ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рдкॉंрдЪрд╡рдЯा рд╕्рд╡рд░्рдг рдкрджрдХ рд╣рдд्рдпाрдЗрд╕рдХेрдХा рдЫрди् рднрдиे рджुрдИ рдЪोрдЯि рд╢्рд░ेрд╖्рда рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬрдХो рдЙрдкाрдзि рдкрдиि рд╣ाрд╕िрд▓ рдЧрд░िрд╕рдХेрдХा рдЫрди्। рдпुрд╡ा рдЦेрд▓ाрдб़ी рдеाрдкाрд▓े рднाрд░рддрдХा рд╡िрднिрди्рди рд╢рд╣рд░рд╣рд░ूрдоा рд╕рдо्рдкрди्рди рднрдПрдХो рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рднाрдЧ рд▓िंрджै рдЕрд╣िрд▓ेрд╕рдо्рдо рдЪाрд░ рд╡рдЯा рд╕्рд╡рд░्рдг рдкрджрдХ рд░ рдПрдЙрдЯा рдХॉंрд╕्рдп рдкрджрдХ рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рдЧрд░्рдирдоा рд╕рдлрд▓рддा рд╣ाрд╕िрд▓ рдЧрд░िрд╕рдХेрдХा рдЫрди् рднрдиे рд╕िрдХ्рдХिрдордоा рдЖрдпोрдЬिрдд рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рдкрдиि рдЬुрдиिрдпрд░ рд▓ेрднрд▓рдоा рд╢्рд░ेрд╖्рда рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬрдХो рдЙрдкाрдзि рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рдЧрд░िрд╕рдХेрдХा рдЫрди्। рдЙрд▓्рд▓ेрдЦрдиीрдп рд░ुрдкрд▓े рдЙрдирд▓े рдЕрди्рддрд░्рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдк्рд░рддिрдпोрдЧिрддाрдоा рдкрдиि рднाрдЧ рд▓िंрджै рдПрдЙрдЯा рд╕्рд╡рд░्рдг рдкрджрдХ рд░ рджुрдЗрд╡рдЯा рдХॉंрд╕्рдп рдкрджрдХ рд╣рдд्рдпाрдЗрд╕рдХेрдХा рдЫрди्।рдЕрди्рддрд░्рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рд╕्рддрд░рдоा рдЙрдирд▓ाрдИ рд╕्рд╡рд░्рдг рдкрджрдХ рд╕рди् 2008 рдоा рд░рд╕िрдпाрдХो рдЕрдЬрд░рдмेрдЗрдЬाрдирдоा рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рднрдПрдХो рдеिрдпो рднрдиे рдХॉंрд╕्рдп рдкрджрдХрд╣рд░ू рд╕рди् 2008 рдоा рд░рд╕िрдпाрдоा рд░2009 рдоा рдЕрд░्рдоेрдиिрдпाрдоा рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рднрдПрдХो рдеिрдпो। рдЕрд╣िрд▓े рдЙрдиी 16рд╡рд░्рд╖ рдоाрдд्рд░ рдкुрдЧेрдХा рдЫрди् рднрдиे 16 рд╡рд░्рд╖рдХो рд╡рд╕рди्рддрдоा рдкाрдЗрд▓ो рдЯेрдХ्рджा рдирдЯेрдХ्рджै рдпрддिрд╡िрдШ्рди рд╕рдлрд▓рддा рд╣ाрд╕िрд▓ рдЧрд░्рдиु рд╕рдХ्рд╖рдо рд╣ुрдиे рдоुрдХ्рдХेрд╡ाрдЬ рдЦेрд▓ाрдб़ी рд╢िрд╡ рдеाрдкा рд╡ाрд╕्рддрд╡рдоा рдиै рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЧोрд░्рдЦाрд╣рд░ूрдХा рдЧौрд░рд╡ рд╣ुрди् рднрдиे рдЙрдирд▓ाрдИ рд╕рдордпрдоा рдиै рдЪिрдиेрд░ рд╕рдмै рдЧोрд░्рдЦाрд╣рд░ूрд▓े рд╕рд╣рдпोрдЧ рдкुрд░ाрдЙрдиु рдкрд░्рдиे рдаूрд▓ो рджाрдпिрдд्рд╡ рд░рд╣ेрдХो рдХुрд░ो рдкрдиि рдк्рд░ेрд╕ рдХ्рд▓рдм рдЕрдл рд╕िрдХ्рдХिрдордХो рдмैрдардХрдоा рдоिрдбिрдпाрдХрд░्рдоीрд╣рд░ूрд▓े рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдкрд░िрдЪрд░्рдЪा рдЧрд░ेрдХा рдЫрди् l SOURCE: HIMGIRI, SIKKIM |
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